Pairwise growth competitions identify relative fitness relationships among artemisinin resistant Plasmodium falciparum field isolates
Identifieur interne : 000550 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000549; suivant : 000551Pairwise growth competitions identify relative fitness relationships among artemisinin resistant Plasmodium falciparum field isolates
Auteurs : Abigail R. Tirrell [États-Unis] ; Katelyn M. Vendrely [États-Unis] ; Lisa A. Checkley [États-Unis] ; Sage Z. Davis [États-Unis] ; Marina Mcdew-White [États-Unis] ; Ian H. Cheeseman [États-Unis] ; Ashley M. Vaughan [États-Unis] ; François H. Nosten [Thaïlande, Royaume-Uni] ; Timothy J. C. Anderson [États-Unis] ; Michael T. Ferdig [États-Unis]Source :
- Malaria Journal [ 1475-2875 ] ; 2019.
Abstract
Competitive outcomes between co-infecting malaria parasite lines can reveal fitness disparities in blood stage growth. Blood stage fitness costs often accompany the evolution of drug resistance, with the expectation that relatively fitter parasites will be more likely to spread in populations. With the recent emergence of artemisinin resistance, it is important to understand the relative competitive fitness of the metabolically active asexual blood stage parasites. Genetically distinct drug resistant parasite clones with independently evolved sets of mutations are likely to vary in asexual proliferation rate, contributing to their chance of transmission to the mosquito vector.
An optimized in vitro 96-well plate-based protocol was used to quantitatively measure-head-to-head competitive fitness during blood stage development between seven genetically distinct field isolates from a hotspot of emerging artemisinin resistance and the laboratory strain, NF54. These field isolates were isolated from patients in Southeast Asia carrying different alleles of
Twenty-eight pairwise competitive growth outcomes allowed for an unambiguous ranking among a set of seven genetically distinct parasite lines isolated from patients in Southeast Asia displaying a range of both
This optimized competitive growth assay can be employed for assessment of relative growth as an index of fitness during the asexual blood stage growth between natural lines carrying different genetic variants associated with artemisinin resistance. Improved understanding of the fitness costs of different parasites proliferating in human blood and the role different resistance mutations play in the context of specific genetic backgrounds will contribute to an understanding of the potential for specific mutations to spread in populations, with the potential to inform targeted strategies for malaria therapy.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2934-4
PubMed: 31462253
PubMed Central: 6714446
Affiliations:
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<author><name sortKey="Ferdig, Michael T" sort="Ferdig, Michael T" uniqKey="Ferdig M" first="Michael T." last="Ferdig">Michael T. Ferdig</name>
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<series><title level="j">Malaria Journal</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p id="Par1">Competitive outcomes between co-infecting malaria parasite lines can reveal fitness disparities in blood stage growth. Blood stage fitness costs often accompany the evolution of drug resistance, with the expectation that relatively fitter parasites will be more likely to spread in populations. With the recent emergence of artemisinin resistance, it is important to understand the relative competitive fitness of the metabolically active asexual blood stage parasites. Genetically distinct drug resistant parasite clones with independently evolved sets of mutations are likely to vary in asexual proliferation rate, contributing to their chance of transmission to the mosquito vector.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p id="Par2">An optimized in vitro 96-well plate-based protocol was used to quantitatively measure-head-to-head competitive fitness during blood stage development between seven genetically distinct field isolates from a hotspot of emerging artemisinin resistance and the laboratory strain, NF54. These field isolates were isolated from patients in Southeast Asia carrying different alleles of <italic>kelch13</italic>
and included both artemisinin-sensitive and artemisinin-resistant isolates. Fluorescent labeled microsatellite markers were used to track the relative densities of each parasite throughout the co-growth period of 14–60 days. All-on-all competitions were conducted for the panel of eight parasite lines (28 pairwise competitions) to determine their quantitative competitive fitness relationships.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p id="Par3">Twenty-eight pairwise competitive growth outcomes allowed for an unambiguous ranking among a set of seven genetically distinct parasite lines isolated from patients in Southeast Asia displaying a range of both <italic>kelch13</italic>
alleles and clinical clearance times and a laboratory strain, NF54. This comprehensive series of assays established the growth relationships among the eight parasite lines. Interestingly, a clinically artemisinin resistant parasite line that carries the wild-type form of <italic>kelch13</italic>
outcompeted all other parasites in this study. Furthermore, a <italic>kelch13</italic>
mutant line (E252Q) was competitively more fit without drug than lines with other resistance-associated <italic>kelch13</italic>
alleles, including the C580Y allele that has expanded to high frequencies under drug pressure in Southeast Asian resistant populations.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="Par4">This optimized competitive growth assay can be employed for assessment of relative growth as an index of fitness during the asexual blood stage growth between natural lines carrying different genetic variants associated with artemisinin resistance. Improved understanding of the fitness costs of different parasites proliferating in human blood and the role different resistance mutations play in the context of specific genetic backgrounds will contribute to an understanding of the potential for specific mutations to spread in populations, with the potential to inform targeted strategies for malaria therapy.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<li>Thaïlande</li>
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<country name="Thaïlande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nosten, Francois H" sort="Nosten, Francois H" uniqKey="Nosten F" first="François H." last="Nosten">François H. Nosten</name>
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<country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nosten, Francois H" sort="Nosten, Francois H" uniqKey="Nosten F" first="François H." last="Nosten">François H. Nosten</name>
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